For master processes in Linux, it is essential to understand the tools available to monitor and manage these processes. Commands such as p.s., top, htop And atop allow to view current processes of execution, to examine their tree structure and of search for specific processes. The order p.s. displays a list of processes associated with the terminal, while top And htop provide a dynamic interface to observe in real time theCPU activity and memory usage. To interact with these processes, the command kill allows sending signals to stop or adjust their priority using the command nice. With these tools, users can effectively control the environment Linux.
Process management is an essential skill for any system administrator or average user on a Linux system. A process is any instance of a running program, and each process is identified by a PID (Process IDentifier). This article details the most effective tools and commands for viewing, managing, and interacting with processes on Linux, allowing you to control your system activity.
Visualization of current processes
To find out the status of processes running on your system, several commands are available to you. The order p.s. is the most basic, allowing you to display the list of processes associated with your terminal. To see all running processes, use ps -aux, which shows a comprehensive view of the system.
Another popular tool is top, which provides a dynamic interface illustrating processes in real time, with information about their CPU and memory usage. For a more advanced GUI, htop is available, offering easy navigation with the ability to sort and filter processes. You can install htop via your favorite package manager, such as APT Or YUM.
The process tree
An understanding of the process tree is crucial to effectively managing your system. Each process has a parent, and in turn it can have others as children. The order pstree provides you with a hierarchical view of these relationships, making it easier to identify orphaned or zombie processes that are degrading system performance.
Finding running processes
When multiple processes are running, it is often necessary to search for a specific process. Using commands grep with p.s. can help you filter the results. For example, to find a process that contains the word “apache”, you can run ps to | grep apache.
Likewise, pgrep allows you to directly search for processes by name or other attributes, providing an even faster way to locate what you’re looking for.
Launch a task in the console
To manage processes, it is sometimes necessary to stop or restart them. The order kill is used to send signals to processes, which can be used to terminate a malicious or excessively resource-consuming process. To locate the PID process, use the previously mentioned commands and then run kill to close it.
For a gentler approach, the signal SIGTERM is often preferred, while SIGKILL should be reserved for situations where a process is unresponsive.
Monitoring CPU and process activity
To assess the impact of processes on your system resources, top And htop allow real-time monitoring of CPU and memory usage by each process.
In addition, the order atop is a great tool for analyzing historical resource usage, providing you with insight into system performance over time.
Service management with Systemctl
As part of process management, it is essential to know the services running on your system. The order systemctl is used to interact with the Systemd init system, and it allows you to start, stop, or restart services. To list all services, use systemctl list-units –type=service.
For more details on command functionality p.s., top, htop, And systemctl, do not hesitate to delve deeper into the subject on dedicated sites, such as what does a linux system do Or the differences between Linux and Windows.